Suspension is the term given to the system of springs, shock absorbers and linkages that connects a vehicle to its wheels and allows relative motion between the two. Part of car front suspension and steering mechanism: tie rod, steering arm, king pin axis (using ball joints). The rear suspension on a truck: a leaf spring. The front suspension components of a Ford Model T. For other uses, see Suspension (disambiguation). For information about temporary loss of vehicle driving privileges, see Suspension (license). Track variation is usually considered less important than changes in wheel camber, which is almost nonexistent in a sliding pillar system (see suspension geometry).This article is about motor vehicle components. However, many types of suspension, such as the swing axle have similar issues. The effective track is the hypotenuse AC or AD of the triangle ABC, where AB is the fixed pillar spacing. This is particularly an issue where the track is narrow (as for cyclecars) in relation to suspension travel. The Morgan design is an inverted sliding pillar, as are most of the later designs the pillar is attached to the chassis and the stub axle is carried by the sliding sleeve over this.Ī drawback of the sliding pillar system is that the track changes with differential suspension movement, such as when one wheel rises over an obstacle (as can be seen in the diagram above). Morgan introduced a fundamentally similar system using a sliding stub axle on a fixed pillar, used first on Morgan Motor Company cyclecars, then on their cars up to the current time. Sliding pillar suspension systems have also been used by several cyclecar manufacturers, the French maker Tracta, and in several prototype vehicles. In turn, this was copied for a single year by Nash on its unibody 600 model. Lancia continued with sliding pillar suspension until the 1950s Appia. Walter Christie introduced a sliding pillar suspension system with vertical coil springs, which may be the inspiration for that later used by Lancia on its Lambda from around 1922. In around 1904, the New Jersey inventor J. This system was copied by Sizaire-Naudin a few years later. The top of the pillar was fixed and pivoted on a transverse semi-elliptic leaf spring. In this system, the stub axle carrying the wheel was fixed to the bottom of a pillar which slid up and down through a bush in a transverse axle fixed to the front of the chassis. Sliding pillar independent suspension was first used by Decauville in 1898, the first recorded instance of independent front suspension on a motor vehicle. 1908 Sizaire-Naudin Schematic of a later 'inverted' sliding pillar, as for the Morgan Steering movement is provided by allowing this same sliding pillar to also rotate. The stub axle and wheel assembly are attached to a vertical pillar or kingpin which slides up and down through a bush or bushes which are attached to the vehicle chassis, usually as part of transverse outrigger assemblies, sometimes resembling a traditional beam axle, although fixed rigidly to the chassis. A sliding pillar suspension is a form of independent front suspension for light cars.
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